Simultaneous Detection of Multiple Genuine and Counterfeited ? 500 and ? 1000 Banknotes in a Bunch with Raman Spectroscopy: A Composite Raman Spectra Analysis of Substrate Longer Side

Abstract

Banknotes counterfeiting is a global problem that affects many currencies worldwide,
including the Nigerian Naira note. However, the existing methods for counterfeit
detectionusing Raman spectroscopy techniques are limited to single counterfeited
noteidentification requiring multiple security features analysis. We proposed a novel approach
requiring single security feature analysis to simultaneously detect multiple genuine and
counterfeited Naira banknotes using Raman spectroscopytechnique and Multiview
Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (MvNMF), increasing the detection efficiency from 1 to 36.
By analyzing a sample bunch substrate on the longer side and using MvNMF to decompose the
composite Raman spectra, the need for scanning various security features of each sample
banknote can be eliminated, resulting in a significant increase in detection efficiency. This
novel approach has the potential to be applied to other banknotes and security documents,
such as passports, with distinct substrate spectral features, demonstrating the potential of
Raman spectroscopy techniques in solving real-world problems related to document security.